Words of Institution - Wikipedia. The Words of Institution (also called the Words of Consecration) are words echoing those of Jesus himself at his Last Supper that, when consecrating bread and wine, Christian Eucharisticliturgies include in a narrative of that event. Eucharistic scholars sometimes refer to them simply as the verba (Latin for . This is the practice of the Latin Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, and all the churches of Oriental Orthodoxy, including the Armenian, the Coptic, the Ethiopian and the Malankara. The only ancient Mass ritual still in use that does not explicitly contain the Words of Institution is the Holy Qurbana of Addai and Mari, used for part of the year by the Assyrian and the Ancient Church of the East. The Chaldean Catholic Church and the Syro- Malabar Catholic Church, two of the Eastern Catholic Churches, use the same Anaphora, but insert in it the Words of Institution. However, the Catholic Church has explicitly recognized the validity of this Mass ritual in its original form, without explicit mention of the Words of Institution, saying that . Some call fasting a spiritual discipline. It is often connected with prayer, Bible study and meditation. What is fasting and why does the Bible encourage us to fast? Special Note: if you have health issues, please be sure to contact your health professional for advice before committing to any fast including the Daniel Fast. The formulas generally combine words from the Gospels of Mark, Matthew and Luke and the Pauline account in 1 Corinthians 1. They may even insert other words, such as the phrase . In her study The Function of the Words of Institution in the Celebration of the Lord's Supper Ros Clarke refers to evidence that suggests that Words of Institution were not used in the celebration during the 2nd century. What was essential, she says, was the ritual, consisting of the four actions of taking bread, giving thanks, breaking it, and giving it to be eaten, accompanying the actions by saying some words identifying the bread with Jesus' body, and similarly with respect to the cup. The distinction here made by bolding is not found in the Missal. Take this, all of you, and eat of it: for this is my body which will be given up for you. Take this, all of you, and drink from it: for this is the chalice of my blood,the blood of the new and eternal covenant. Do this in memory of me. From the time of Peter Lombard on, the prevailing theology of the Catholic Church considered the eight words in bold above to be on their own the necessary and sufficient . Pope Eugene IV's Decree for the Armenians, issued after the Council of Florence, declared: . For by the power of the very words the substance of the bread is changed into the body of Christ, and the substance of the wine into the blood. On 1. 7 January 2. From the earliest days of Christianity, the faithful have desired to prepare for Easter with an increasingly longer season of penance. The original fast for Easter.Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith declared that the Holy Qurbana of Addai and Mari, a probably second- century anaphora in which the Words of Institution are not spoken, . In fact, they do not define a specific moment of change; however, they understand the process to be completed (perfected) at the Epiclesis (the calling- down of the Holy Spirit upon the Gifts). The Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts does not contain the Words of Institution, since it is actually a Vespers service at which the faithful receive from the Reserved Mysteries (Sacrament) which were consecrated the Sunday before (hence the name: . Paul as recorded in 1 Corinthians 1. Do this in remembrance of me.'In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, 'This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.'For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes. The debate over the force and literalness of the words of institution underlies the arguments between consubstantiation and transubstantiation. Most of the established churches in the Protestant tradition employ a mirroring of Paul's words surrounding the words of institution, while Congregationalist and Baptist churches use the words themselves without the full citation of Paul's wording. Anglican Communion. Do this in remembrance of me. Likewise, after supper, he took the cup; and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, saying, . Do this, as oft as ye shall drink it, in remembrance of me. Luther's Small Catechism shows this. Do this in remembrance of me. In the same way he also took the cup after the supper, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them saying, Drink of it, all of you. This cup is the New Testament in my blood, shed for you for the forgiveness of sins. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me. Justin Martyr, at least, had access to the words of institution but used them for catechetical rather than liturgical purposes. The words enabled believers to understand the sacrament but were not essential for celebration of the sacrament. If it is the case that the liturgical use of the narratives was not known in the second century and only developed later in the third century, it is surely unlikely that there was an earlier first century liturgical tradition reflected in the NT texts. Mc. Gowan points to evidence from the Didache and Justin Martyr which suggests that the words of institution were not used in the celebration of the Supper during the second century. Justin Martyr, at least, had access to the words of institution but used them for catechetical rather than liturgical purposes. The words enabled believers to understand the sacrament but were not essential for celebration of the sacrament. This ritual is comprised then of the actions described in v. It seems to include the accompanying action of saying 'This is my body, which is given for you' or at least of saying words with the same illocutionary force, identifying the bread with Jesus' body. By comparison with the words of institution recounted in 1 Cor 1. Denzinger 6. 98, in the old numbering)^ abc. Robert F. Taft, SJ, Professor Emeritus of Oriental Liturgy, Pontifical Oriental Institute, Rome: Mass Without the Consecration? The Historic Agreement on the Eucharist between the Catholic Church and the Assyrian Church of the East promulgated 2. October 2. 00. 1^Denzinger 7. Pope John Paul II has approved this decision. The Anaphora of Addai and Mari).^A. GELSTON, The Eucharistic Prayer of Addai and Mari 1. Taft^Homily on the Betrayal of Judas (De proditione Judae hom. PG 4. 9: 3. 89- 3. Taft^Guidelines, 4. Guidelines for admission to the Eucharist^. The (Online) Book of Common Prayer. The Book of Concord: The Confessions of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, Robert Kolb et al., eds. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1. External links. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. London: Oxford UP, 1.
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